Carbon Aditive 90%min

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1.Features:

Carbon Additive also called Calcined anthracite Coal, Gas Calcined Anthracite Coal, Carbon Raiser.

The main raw material is Ningxia unique high quality anthracite, with characteristic of low ash and low sulfur. Carbon additive has two main uses, namely as the fuel and additive. When being used as the carbon additive of steel-smelting, and casting, the fixed carbon may achieve above 95%.

2.Application:

It may substitute massively refinery coke or the stone grinds. Meanwhile its cost is much less than the refinery coke and the stone grinds. Carbon Additive may also use as the fuel, for its calorific value may achieve above 9386K/KG. It may substitute burnt carbon massively. The burnt carbon exportation needs the quota; therefore the carburizing agent price superiority is similarly obvious.

3.Specifications:

Chemical Composition（%）
F.C.	Ash	V.M.	S	Moisture
%(min)	%（max）
90	8.5	1.5	0.35	1.0
0.5-3mm, 1-4mm,0.5-4mm,1-3mm, 90%min,or at customer’s option;
In 1000kgs big bag; or 1200kgs big bag; or 25kgs small bag, then into 1000kgs big bag; or 25kgs or 50kgs small bag, then put into containers directly;or at customer’s option;

Q: How does carbon affect the formation of acidification in lakes?: Carbon dioxide (CO2) plays a significant role in the formation of acidification in lakes. When carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere through various human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, it can be absorbed by water bodies like lakes. This absorption leads to the formation of carbonic acid (H2CO3), a weak acid. Carbonic acid dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in water. The increase in hydrogen ions causes a decrease in pH levels, making the water more acidic. This process is known as acidification. Acidification in lakes can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems. It affects the physiology and behavior of many species, including fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Acidic waters can also damage the eggs and larvae of these organisms, hindering their growth and survival. Additionally, acidification can alter the composition and abundance of phytoplankton, which are crucial for the overall health of the ecosystem. High levels of acidity can also lead to the leaching of toxic metals, such as aluminum, from the surrounding soil and rocks. These toxic metals are then dissolved in the water, posing an additional threat to aquatic organisms. Acidification can also disrupt the nutrient cycles in lakes, affecting the availability of essential nutrients for plants and animals. In summary, the presence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contributes to the acidification of lakes when it is absorbed by water. This acidification has a range of negative impacts on the aquatic ecosystem, including altered physiology, impaired reproduction, and disrupted nutrient cycles. It is crucial to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate the effects of acidification to protect the health and diversity of lake ecosystems.

Q: How does carbon contribute to the strength of concrete?: There are several ways in which carbon can contribute to the strength of concrete. One primary method involves the utilization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or carbon fibers. These substances are added to the concrete mixture to act as reinforcement and enhance its mechanical properties. Incorporating CNTs or carbon fibers into the concrete results in the formation of a network consisting of small, sturdy, and lightweight particles. This network serves to enhance the overall strength and durability of the concrete, making it more resistant to cracking, flexing, and other types of structural damage. Furthermore, the carbon particles also improve the bonding between the cement paste and the aggregates in the concrete. This improved bonding increases the strength at the interface, resulting in a more cohesive and robust concrete matrix. Moreover, carbon can also contribute to the strength of concrete by acting as a pozzolan. Pozzolans are materials that undergo a chemical reaction with calcium hydroxide, a byproduct of cement hydration, to form additional cementitious compounds. These compounds fill in the gaps between cement particles, leading to a denser and stronger concrete structure. Carbon black, which is a finely divided form of carbon, is commonly used as a pozzolan in concrete mixtures. Overall, the incorporation of carbon in concrete, whether through carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, or as a pozzolan, can significantly enhance its strength and performance. By reinforcing the concrete matrix, improving bonding, and filling in gaps, carbon helps create a more durable and robust material suitable for various construction applications.

Q: What is a carbon free martensite?: Common martensite in iron based alloys, the essence of carbon and alloy elements (or) in alpha iron in the supersaturated solid solution. The iron carbon alloy is two yuan, carbon in alpha iron in the supersaturated solid solution.

Q: How does carbon impact food production?: Carbon impacts food production in several ways. Firstly, carbon dioxide (CO2) is a crucial component for photosynthesis, the process through which plants convert sunlight into energy. Increased levels of atmospheric CO2 can enhance plant growth and crop yields. However, excessive carbon emissions from human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, contribute to the greenhouse effect, leading to climate change. Climate change affects food production by altering temperature and rainfall patterns, increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events like droughts, floods, and storms. These changes disrupt agricultural systems, decrease crop productivity, and threaten food security. Additionally, carbon emissions contribute to air pollution, which can harm crop health and reduce yields. Therefore, managing carbon emissions and mitigating climate change are crucial for sustainable and resilient food production.

Q: What are the effects of carbon emissions on the stability of wetlands?: The stability of wetlands is significantly impacted by carbon emissions. One of the main consequences is the disruption of the hydrological cycle, which can disturb the delicate balance of water levels in wetland ecosystems. The increased release of carbon emissions contributes to climate change and global warming, resulting in higher temperatures and changed patterns of precipitation. These alterations can lead to more frequent and severe droughts, floods, and storms, negatively affecting the stability of wetlands. Moreover, elevated levels of carbon dioxide also influence the vegetation in wetlands. Excess carbon dioxide can stimulate the growth of specific plant species, causing an imbalance in the wetland ecosystem. This imbalance can lead to the dominance of invasive species, which outcompete native plants and disrupt the natural biodiversity of the wetland. Consequently, the stability of the wetland is impacted as it relies on a diverse range of plant species to support the intricate web of life within it. Additionally, carbon emissions contribute to the acidification of water bodies, including wetlands. Increased carbon dioxide dissolves in water, forming carbonic acid, which lowers the pH of the water. Acidic conditions can be harmful to the survival of many wetland species, including plants, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. The acidification of water can also result in the release of toxic metals and other pollutants from surrounding soils, further compromising the stability and health of wetland ecosystems. Lastly, carbon emissions contribute to the rise of sea levels due to the melting of polar ice caps and expansion of ocean waters. This poses a significant threat to coastal wetlands, which are particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise. As sea levels increase, there is a risk of saltwater intrusion, leading to the degradation and loss of freshwater wetlands. This loss can cause the displacement or extinction of numerous plant and animal species that depend on these ecosystems, ultimately destabilizing the wetland. In conclusion, the stability of wetlands is profoundly impacted by carbon emissions. From the disruption of the hydrological cycle and alteration of vegetation composition to the acidification of water and sea-level rise, these emissions pose a significant threat to the health and integrity of wetland ecosystems. It is essential to reduce carbon emissions and implement measures to protect and restore wetlands to ensure their stability and preserve the invaluable services they provide.

Q: How does carbon impact the prevalence of landslides?: Carbon does not directly impact the prevalence of landslides. However, human activities related to carbon emissions, such as deforestation and mining, can contribute to the destabilization of slopes and increase the likelihood of landslides occurring.

Q: How does carbon affect the ozone layer?: Carbon does not directly affect the ozone layer. However, certain carbon compounds, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), can indirectly contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer. These compounds contain chlorine and bromine atoms, which are released into the atmosphere when the compounds are broken down by sunlight. Once in the atmosphere, chlorine and bromine atoms can catalytically destroy ozone molecules, leading to a thinning of the ozone layer. When a chlorine or bromine atom comes into contact with an ozone molecule, it reacts with it, breaking it apart and forming a chlorine or bromine oxide molecule and a regular oxygen molecule. The chlorine or bromine oxide molecule can then react with another ozone molecule, continuing the cycle and depleting the ozone layer. While carbon itself does not directly contribute to ozone depletion, the production and release of carbon compounds like CFCs and HCFCs result from human activities. These compounds were widely used in various industries, such as refrigeration, air conditioning, and aerosol propellants, until it was discovered that they were harmful to the ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol, an international treaty signed in 1987, aimed to phase out the production and use of these ozone-depleting substances. Reducing carbon emissions, however, is crucial in addressing another environmental concern – climate change. High levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat, leading to global warming. This poses various threats to ecosystems and human societies. By transitioning to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources and implementing measures to reduce carbon emissions, we can tackle both ozone depletion and climate change, safeguarding the health of our planet.

Q: What is carbon capture and storage?: The aim of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is to lessen carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from major sources like industrial processes, power plants, and others. It works by capturing CO2 emissions before they are released into the atmosphere and then storing them securely underground. To capture carbon, specialized equipment is typically used to trap CO2 from flue gases or industrial processes. The captured CO2 is then compressed and transported through pipelines or ships to a suitable storage site located deep underground. These storage sites can include depleted oil and gas fields, saline aquifers, or deep coal seams. The storage process ensures long-term containment of CO2 and reduces the risk of leakage. This is achieved by monitoring the storage site for signs of leakage, maintaining the integrity of the storage infrastructure, and selecting suitable sites with geological features that aid in long-term CO2 containment. Carbon capture and storage has the potential to greatly reduce CO2 emissions and contribute to climate change mitigation. By capturing and storing CO2 instead of releasing it into the atmosphere, industries can continue using fossil fuels while minimizing their environmental impact. This is particularly beneficial for industries that are challenging to decarbonize, such as cement production, steel manufacturing, and natural gas power plants. Despite its promise, the widespread implementation of carbon capture and storage faces challenges and limitations. One significant challenge is the high cost associated with establishing CCS infrastructure and operations. Additionally, finding suitable storage sites and addressing public concerns about the safety and environmental impact of underground CO2 injection can pose significant obstacles. Nevertheless, carbon capture and storage is considered an essential tool in the battle against climate change. It can play a crucial role in achieving global emission reduction goals and transitioning to a low-carbon economy. With advancing technology and decreasing costs, the widespread adoption of carbon capture and storage may become increasingly feasible and necessary.

Q: What is carbon dating and how does it work?: Carbon dating is a scientific method used to determine the age of organic materials, such as wood, cloth, and bone, by measuring the amount of carbon-14 (C-14) present in the sample. It is based on the principle that all living organisms contain a small amount of radioactive carbon-14, which is formed in the upper atmosphere when cosmic rays collide with nitrogen atoms. This radioactive isotope of carbon is unstable and decays over time, transforming into nitrogen-14. The process of carbon dating begins with collecting a sample from the object of interest. This sample is typically organic matter that was once part of a living organism. The sample is then treated to remove any contaminants and prepared for analysis. In order to determine the age of the sample, scientists measure the ratio of C-14 to stable carbon-12 (C-12) in the sample. This is done using an accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS), a highly sensitive instrument that can detect and measure extremely low levels of C-14. By comparing the C-14 to C-12 ratio in the sample to the known ratio in the atmosphere at the time the organism died, scientists can calculate how long it has been since the death of the organism. The half-life of C-14, which is the time it takes for half of the radioactive isotope to decay, is approximately 5,730 years. This means that after 5,730 years, half of the C-14 in a sample will have decayed into nitrogen-14. By measuring the amount of C-14 remaining in a sample and knowing its half-life, scientists can estimate the age of the sample. Carbon dating is a valuable tool for archaeologists, paleontologists, and geologists as it allows them to accurately determine the age of ancient artifacts, fossils, and geological formations. However, it is important to note that carbon dating is only effective for dating materials up to about 50,000 years old, as beyond this point the amount of C-14 remaining becomes too small to accurately measure.

Q: How is carbon used in the production of fuels?: Carbon is a critical element in the production of fuels, as it is the main component of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. These fuels are formed from the organic remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. The process of carbonization or carbonization involves subjecting these organic materials to high pressure and temperature over a long period, which transforms them into hydrocarbon-rich substances. Coal, for example, is primarily composed of carbon, along with small amounts of other elements. When coal is burned, this carbon reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat. This heat can then be utilized to produce steam, which drives turbines to generate electricity or to power engines in various industries. Similarly, oil and natural gas, which are also predominantly composed of carbon, are extracted from underground reservoirs. These hydrocarbons can be processed through refining to produce various types of fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. The combustion of these fuels in engines or power plants allows for energy release, enabling transportation and the generation of electricity. In addition to fossil fuels, carbon is also used in the production of alternative fuels like biofuels. Biofuels are produced from renewable sources such as plants, algae, or agricultural waste. The carbon contained in these organic materials can be converted into ethanol or biodiesel through processes like fermentation or transesterification, respectively. These biofuels can then be used as substitutes for conventional fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on non-renewable resources. Overall, carbon is an essential component in the production of fuels, whether derived from fossil fuels or renewable sources. Its combustion releases energy, which is harnessed for various purposes, including electricity generation, transportation, and industrial processes. However, it is important to explore and adopt sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels, such as biofuels and renewable energy sources, to mitigate the negative environmental impacts associated with carbon emissions.

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