To ensure that steel rebars maintain their integrity when exposed to chemicals in concrete, several measures are taken. Firstly, the concrete mix design is carefully formulated to minimize the potential for chemical attack on the steel. This involves using appropriate proportions of cement, aggregates, and water, as well as incorporating chemical admixtures and additives that enhance the durability of the concrete. Additionally, protective coatings or corrosion inhibitors can be applied to the rebars prior to installation. These coatings act as a barrier, preventing direct contact between the steel and the chemicals in the concrete. Corrosion inhibitors, on the other hand, work by reducing the reactivity of the steel surface, thereby minimizing the likelihood of corrosion. Furthermore, proper concrete placement techniques are employed to ensure adequate cover over the rebars. Sufficient concrete cover acts as a physical barrier and provides a protective layer between the steel rebars and the surrounding environment, reducing the risk of chemical attack. Regular inspections and maintenance are also crucial in ensuring the long-term integrity of steel rebars. Periodic assessments are conducted to monitor the condition of the rebars and identify any signs of corrosion or deterioration. If necessary, repairs or treatments can be undertaken to mitigate any potential damage and maintain the rebars' structural integrity. Overall, a combination of proper concrete mix design, protective coatings, adequate concrete cover, and diligent maintenance practices are essential measures to safeguard the integrity of steel rebars when exposed to chemical substances in concrete.

Steel rebars are protected from damage during the concrete pouring and compaction process by using plastic or metal chairs, spacers, or supports that hold the rebars in the correct position and prevent them from moving or shifting. Additionally, rebars are often coated with epoxy or corrosion-resistant materials to safeguard them from rust and corrosion caused by the concrete's alkaline environment.

To repair damaged or corroded steel rebars in an existing structure, several steps can be taken. Firstly, the damaged rebar should be thoroughly cleaned and any loose or flaking rust should be removed using a wire brush or sandblasting. Once cleaned, a rust converter or inhibitor can be applied to prevent further corrosion. Then, a bonding agent or epoxy resin can be used to fill in any gaps or cracks in the rebar. Finally, a corrosion-resistant coating or paint can be applied to provide long-term protection. It is important to consult with a professional engineer or contractor to ensure proper repair techniques and materials are used for the specific situation.